How Harrison Won the Election of 1840

The election of 1840 was fueled by slogans, songs, and alcohol, and in some ways that distant election can be considered  the precursor of the modern presidential campaign. The incumbent was a man of sophisticated political skills. He had served in a variety of offices and put together the coalition that brought Andrew Jackson to the White House. And his challenger was elderly and infirm, with qualifications that were questionable. But that didnt matter. Talk of log cabins and hard cider and an obscure battle from decades earlier culminated in a landslide that turned out the incumbent, Martin Van Buren, and brought an aging and sickly politician, William Henry Harrison, into the White House. Background of the 1840 Presidential Election What really set the stage for the 1840 election was a colossal financial crisis devastating  the nation. After the eight years of Andrew Jackson’s presidency, Jackson’s vice president, the lifelong politician Martin Van Buren of New York, was elected in 1836. And the following year the country was rocked by the Panic of 1837, one of a series of financial panics of the 19th century. Van Buren was hopelessly ineffective in handling the crisis. As banks and businesses failed, and an economic depression dragged on, Van Buren took the blame. Sensing an opportunity, the Whig Party sought a candidate to challenge Van Burens reelection and selected a man whose career had peaked decades earlier. William Henry Harrison, the Whig Candidate Though he would be portrayed as a rustic frontiersman, William Henry Harrison, who was born in Virginia in 1773, actually came from what might be called Virginia nobility. His father, Benjamin Harrison, had been a signer of the Declaration of Independence and later served as governor of Virginia. In his youth, William Henry Harrison had received a classical education in Virginia. After deciding against a career in medicine he joined the military, receiving an officer’s commission signed by President George Washington. Harrison was posted to what was then called the Northwest Territory and served as the territorial governor of Indiana from 1800 to 1812. When Indians led by the Shawnee chief Tecumseh rose up against the American settlers and allied with the British in the War of 1812, Harrison fought them. Harrison’s forces killed Tecumseh at the Battle of the Thames, in Canada. However, a previous battle, Tippecanoe, though not considered a great triumph at the time, would become part of American political lore years later. His Indian fighting days behind him, Harrison settled in Ohio and served terms in the House of Representatives and the Senate. And in 1836, he ran against Martin Van Buren for the presidency and lost. The Whigs nominated Harrison as the partys presidential candidate in 1840. One obvious point in his favor was that he wasn’t closely associated with any of the controversies gripping the nation, and his candidacy, therefore, didnt offend any particular groups of voters. Image Making Entered American Politics in 1840 The supporters of Harrison began creating an image of him as a war hero, and touted his experience at the Battle of Tippecanoe, 28 years earlier. While it’s true that Harrison had been the commander at that battle against the Indians, he had actually been criticized for his actions at the time. The Shawnee warriors had surprised his troops, and casualties had been high for the soldiers under Harrison’s command. Tippecanoe and Tyler Too! In 1840 the details of that long-ago battle were forgotten. And when John Tyler of Virginia was nominated as Harrison’s running mate, the classic American political slogan was born: â€Å"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too! The Log Cabin Candidate The Whigs also promoted Harrison as the log cabin candidate. He was portrayed in woodcut illustrations as residing in a humble log cabin on the western frontier, a fact that was contradicted by his birth as something of a Virginia aristocrat. The log cabin became a commonplace symbol of Harrisons candidacy. In its collection of materials related to the 1840 Harrison campaign, the Smithsonian Institution has a wooden model of a log cabin that was carried in torchlight parades. Campaign Songs Entered American Politics in 1840 Harrison’s campaign in 1840 was noteworthy not just for slogans, but for songs. A number of campaign ditties were quickly composed and sold by sheet music publishers. Some examples can be viewed at the Library of Congress (on these pages, click the view this item link): Tippecanoe and Tyler TooThe Tippecanoe Club Quick StepOld Tippecanoe’s Raisin’The Invincible Old Tippecanoe Alcohol Fueled the 1840 Presidential Campaign The Democrats supporting Martin Van Buren scoffed at the image created of William Henry Harrison and derided him by saying Harrison was an old man who would be content to sit in his log cabin and drink hard cider. The Whigs neutralized that attack by embracing it, and took to saying that Harrison was the hard cider candidate. A popular legend is that a Philadelphia distiller named E.C. Booz provided hard cider to distribute at rallies of Harrison supporters. That may be true, but a story that Boozs name gave the English language the word booze is a tall tale. The word actually existed for centuries before Harrison and his hard cider campaign. The Hard Cider and Log Cabin Candidate Won the Election Harrison avoided discussion of the issues, and let his campaign based on hard cider and log cabins proceed. And it worked, as Harrison won in an electoral landslide. The 1840 campaign was notable for being the first campaign with slogans and songs, but the victor holds another distinction: the shortest term in office of any American president. William Henry Harrison took the oath of office on March 4, 1841, and delivered the longest inaugural address in history. On a very cold day, the 68-year-old Harrison spoke for two hours on the steps of the Capitol. He developed pneumonia and never recovered. One month later he was dead, becoming the first American president to die in office. Tyler Too Became President After Harrisons Death Harrisons running mate, John Tyler, became the first vice president to ascend to the presidency upon the death of a president. Tylers administration was lackluster, and he was derided as the accidental president. As for William Henry Harrison, his place in history was secured not by his fleeting presidential tenure, but for being the first presidential candidate whose campaign featured slogans, songs, and a carefully manufactured image.

Different types of Bullying Essay - 1550 Words

More than 160,000 students miss school every day, due to fear of attack or intimidation by other students, in other words getting bullied. Many of these students prefer to not say a thing. Ever wondered what it feels like? Majority of people know this occurs everywhere but just ignore it; not only that, some victims like to stay quiet due to fear. Based on case studies and statistics, there’s evidence to suggest that bullying can cause negative effects socially, emotionally, and physiologically on children. Types of Bullying There are many types of bullying one of them is cyber bullying. Cyber bullying had become very popular now and days. This type of bullying takes place on the internet, via text, or any multimedia device.†¦show more content†¦Emotional bullying is when kids hurt others feeling. Lastly verbal bullying is when kids get bullied by words or foul language and get put down. All of these types of bullying bring damages to a kid physiologically. Kids get bullied in school a lot. Sometimes, they do not have the best clothes, or because they are not economically the same as others. Some get bullied because they are not as social as other kids and prefer to stay alone most of the time. Physical appearance meaning as in size, color, or ethnicity can cause a kid to get bullied in school also. What do these kids go through? They get pushed at in the hallways. They get named called in class with words such as â€Å"freak† or â€Å"lame†. Not only that, sometimes these kids aren’t allowed to sit in certain areas in the lunch tables or they would get teased at for just being there. The commonest type of bullying is general name calling, followed by being hit, threatened, or having rumors spread about one. Bullying is thought to be more prevalent among boys and the youngest pupils in a school (smith 1). What are the effects bullying cause in bullied kids’ lives? Causes and Effect Kids should go through bullying at some point in their life so they can become stronger human beings and learn that life is not always great, however, studies show that words from family members or other people can hurt them and scar them for life. â€Å"Words actually hurt† is a quote wellShow MoreRelatedThe Different Types Of Bullying1864 Words   |  8 Pagesabout bullying the first thing they think of is who got picked on in school today? Well bullying is not just in school, it is everywhere and anywhere you could think of. Perhaps maybe at work, or in church, or maybe in an athletic contest of some sort. They would not let anyone walk over them no matter who they were. Victims and bullies have the same consequences on both ends of the deal. Victims can suffer from multiple things during and or after getting bullied. There are different types of bullyingRead MoreDifferent Types of Bullying885 Words   |  4 Pages Bullying comes in many different procedures, from dis sing one another to physical bullying. It is all inappropriate actions that naturally happen. Bullying can result into life long negative effects. Everyone has a breaking point, bullying only rushes to hurting yourself or others. It’s a trail for being insecure and having lack of confidence. People are often neglecting how serious bullying is. Bullying occurs on regular basis. It generally starts off by a leader who later on tends to bringRead MoreDifferent Modes And Types Of Bullying1298 Words   |  6 Pagesespecially our youth, is bullying. Bullying is a continuous growing field that is being examined constantly due to its complexity. An important and well known website named stopbullying.com unleashed factual information that helps, as well educates families on this topic: â€Å"In 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Department of Education released the first federal uniform definition of bullying for research and surveillance †¦ there are many different modes and types of bullying. The current definitionRead MoreEssay on Different Types of Cyber Bullying586 Words   |  3 PagesCyber Bullying Bullying is a bad thing but the worst of all the types of bullying is cyber bulling, it is a terrible weapon that can destroy someones life and reputation. Cyber bullying is a part of bullying in which a person torments or harasses other people in a deliberate, repeated, and hostile manner, with technology. It has had a much greater effect on the world more than the traditional way of bullying. 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It is the use of force to exploit the resources of others in order to achieve a particular interest; which stems from the need to force the owner of the resources and the talents and abilities of others to employ them in a manner expediency. Regardless of the meaning of bullying, it certainlyRead MoreThe Effects Of Bullying On Children And Young Adults Essay1528 Words   |  7 Pagesis by bullying others. Bullying is a huge problem in younger teens and young adults. It causes people to have low self esteem, depression, loneliness, suicidal thoughts,making them not want to go to school anymore, anger and hurt, and many more causes.Bullying isn t only hard for the victim it is hard as well for those who are surrounded by the victim.Most teachers and parents who are trying to fix or solve the bullying can t do it in just one step. They have to detect what type of bullying it isRead MoreBull ying : The Common Way Of Bullying979 Words   |  4 PagesMelissa Grimes Trossman Composition 7 December 2015 Bullying Bullying is being mean to another person over and over. Bullying includes many different forms: teasing, saying something to hurt another person, spreading rumors, attacking someone or hitting them, or leaving someone out on purpose. (stopbullying.gov). There are three types of bullying: emotional, physical and cyberbullying. Students are bullied for many different reasons. Reasons such as weight, race, skin color, height, educationalRead MoreThe Common Types Of Bullying864 Words   |  4 Pagesissue in our society today. Bullying is a big problem, mainly in kids and teens. Bullies need to learn to â€Å"love one another’, and for the bully not put all their anger on another because of certain situation are not going right. This issue is stressing our society and possibly reshaping our future. There are four common types of bullying. All these types can be spotted in many different places and ways. According to ERASEBULLYING.com, the types of bullying are physical, verbal, socialRead MoreThe Common Types Of Bullying1732 Words   |  7 PagesBullying involves repeated acts of anger and violent behavior. A child who grows into this infamous term known as a â€Å"bully†, result into preying on and threatening a victim who is weaker physically, mentally and emotionally. There are four common types of bullying. It is important for parents to understand which type of bullying is concerning their child so they can understand what is happening to them and what actions should be taken to help their child. The first type of bullying is physical bullying

Clown Essay Example For Students

Clown Essay Clown a performer, usually in a circus, who plays the fool, performs practical jokes, and does tricks to make people laugh. Other names for clowns are buffoon, jester, fool, conjurer, mirthmaker, tumbler, gleeman, mime, actor, harlequin,merry counselor, comic, and puppeteer. Even though there are many types of clowns, each clown develops a face, meaning a personality. A clowns face, once created, becomes the clowns unique personal property. Whiteface The oldest type of clown is the whiteface, which dates back to the 18th century. The white color of the face was first done with flour. White lead replaced flour, but in the 1880s, when lead was discovered to be poisonous, safer greasepaints were found. Thewhiteface clown evolved from earlier whiteface theatrical entertainers. One of the most popular whiteface charactersin history is Harlequin, a comic personality in the Italian theater form commedia dellarte. English actor John Rich, who performed in the early and mid-18th century, was the most famous Harlequin of his time. After the mid-18th century, the clown gradually replaced the Harlequin character. English entertainer Joseph Grimaldi played an instrumental role in this shift. Still today you can find clowns which will do the whitefaced act but you would have to look along way to find anything also the whitefaced clown does not use the grease paint the use a type of make-up which is thick and very rich in color and yo u can find it all over the place. CharacterIIn the early 20th century a third category of characterization developed from the so-called carpet clown, who performed short, solo routines between circus acts. These character clowns, as they are known today, include any clown who has a unique routine and who usually works alone or without a partner in a large group. The character clown is the most realistic of the clown types. Character clowns make fun of different features of the human face through exaggeration, including beards, whiskers, warts, large noses, bald heads, and strange haircuts. The most popular character is the hobo or tramp clown, which is probably the only clown type originally developed in the United States. The development of the tramp clown, however, owes much of its inspiration to English actor Charlie Chaplin. During his career, Chaplin played the part of the Little Tramp in many motion pictures. Two other famous tramp clowns are Otto Griebling and Emmett Kelly, close friends who performed in the e arly and mid-20th century. Griebling developed the routine of banging tin pie plates together and pitting the audience on one side of a circus tent against the audience on the other in a contest of screams and applause. Many circus clowns still use this routine today as a way of warming up an audience before a show. Kelly is probably the best known of the tramp clowns. While working as a young sketch artist, he created his famous Weary Willie as a cartoon character. Willie was a little hobo, who dressed in dirty rags and a tattered hat and was down on his luck. Auguste Another type of clown is auguste, which developed in the mid-19th century. One of the more popular auguste clowns was an American named Tom Belling. 1864 in a European performance, Belling, (an acrobat and horseback rider) rummaged through a costume trunk, looking for a new comic identity. Dressed in a torn up coat, an old wig on his head backwards, and red grease-paint on his nose, he was accidently pushed into the r ing by the circus owner. Unfamiliar with his new costume, Belling tripped over his own coat and fell on his face in the center ring. The people who seen thisyeelled out August!, German for a stupid, bumbling fool. The auguste clown wears a bulbous red nose, oversize shoes, wigs which are bright colors, and really big clthes that usually never matched. They uaully leave most of there natural skin color showing or use a pink or red makeup instead of the white.There face was usally drawn on to help them give some facial expression. The auguste clown will stumble, slap each other around, and is usually made fun of. Lou Jacobs, the most famous American auguste clown, used to paint large white patches around his eyes. His bald head was shaped like a cone, with red hair around the ear. Jacobs also wore a red rubber-ball nose. He retired in 1988 at the age of 84. Two of Americas most famous clown characters also fit into the auguste category: Ronald McDonald, which is the Mcdonalds profit m aker of young childreb and old, and Bozo who now owns his own Tv show with dozens of oter clowns. He was based on the 20th-century Italian clown Albert Fratellini. .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .postImageUrl , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:hover , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:visited , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:active { border:0!important; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:active , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: "Lord of the Flies" Expository EssayNew Vaudeville Modern, or new vaudeville, clowns are clowns who have turned away from traditional clown acts. Usually, the new vaudevillian clown works alone, typically without makeup. The new vaudeville clown seeks to relate with audience members rather than perform for them. Some of the new vaudeville clowns perform with circuses, while others in theaters. But their routines are based on clowning. An example of a new vaudeville performers include the Bill Irwin early in his new career Irwin was named Willy .a whiteface clown. He doesnt wear makeup anymore instead, he uses his facial expressions to show is comedy to people instead of through the visual. Clown College Clowning is a technique which has to be taught over a few years they call it the art of clowning it sounds silly but clowning is a very serious job it starts with the way you look all the way down to the way you sound. With the fit clowns there was no school or colleges and it was also if you werent funny the first time you never will be. But know it is a profession for a lot of peole and if you become good enough you can have a very large profit. Also with the clown college there is more than one kind of clown such as a rodeo clown. He will have to go to school for usually three years which will pay good because it is a high risk job.

Imprisoning Offenders for Australian Justice - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theImprisoning Offenders for Australian Justice System. Answer: From the very beginning, prison has not only been considered as an institution but also as a centre of correction in which inmates have lived their lives and experienced the worst. Traditionally, the concept of prison was based on the perspective that, individuals who have committed wrong against the society are bound to be kept in prisons. In this regard, scholars were of the opinion that for the purpose of protecting the society from crime and disorder, it is important to imprison offenders (Armstrong and Maruna 2016). In modern era, adequate research has been conducted on the life of the inmates inside the prisons however; the effects and necessity of incarceration was not emphasized. The essay is commissioned to examine the fact that why imprisonment of offenders plays significant role in the Australian Justice System and the impact of incarceration on inmates however; much emphasis is laid on the fact that why prisons are considered to be obsolete. In the past the criminal justice system of Australia was complex in nature however; in recent era, with the implementation of various programs and individualized treatments, the criminal justice system of Australia gained new shape (Baldry and Cunneen 2014). According to the perspective of modern authors, the community of Australia deserves an efficient criminal justice system which would be beneficial in enhancing community safety. However, it is important on the part of the Australian Justice System to apply appropriate policies for the purpose of holding the offenders accountable for their criminal activities by ensuring the outcomes of their actions (Tonry 2015). It is noteworthy to mention here that, from the beginning, the primary objective of the Australian Justice System is community security and protection. However, community safety can be ensured if the crime rates are reduced considerably and the individuals of the society are deterred from further commission of crimes. It is evident that an offender shall be able to reform himself if he remains within the community however; in this regard, the community plays a major role in accepting such offenders back into the society (White 2015). The Criminal Justice System of Australia has undermined the risks related to this matter from time to time (Buchanon, Swanson and Swartz 2017). Now the question lies in the fact that why imprisoning the offenders is important for the Australian Justice System. This is due to the reason that with the imprisoning of offenders, the risk towards the society can be reduced to a large extent. In this regard, the Australian Justice System has undertaken flexible sentencing regimes for the purpose of improving community safety and contributing towards lower rates of recidivism (Glass 2016). It is worth noting that due to the implementation of such policies in the Australian Justice System, significant results has been achieved in managing the number of offenders in the communi ty. However, it has contributed towards an increase in number of inmates in the prisons of Australia. It is worthwhile to mention here that the criminal justice system of Australia has proved to be beneficial in protecting the interests and security of the community to a large extent. In this regard, the criminal justice system has been considered to be just and fair for enforcing and applying various successful programs for the elimination of crime from the society. Therefore, much emphasis has been laid upon the concept of sentencing and its significance for the betterment of the community. In the early 1980s, an unprecedented growth has been experienced in the prison population of Australia (Jeffries and Newbold 2016). As a result of such rapid increase of rates in prison population, highest per capita incarceration rate has been witnessed in Australia as compared to other industrialized democracies. In this context, mention can be made regarding the substantial increase in the number of inmates in Australian prisons that has efficiently attributed to the elimination of crimes fro m 1975 to 1985 (Tubex, Blagg and Tulich 2018). During that period, it was observed that, for the purpose of enhancing quick response towards the issue of increasing crime within the communities, various policymakers and government authorities demanded to introduce tough policies involving lengthy determinate sentences (Kapellas and Jamieson 2016). Therefore, due to such reasons, imprisoning the offenders became an important matter of concern to the Australian Justice System. It is worth mentioning that, as a result of increasing desire on the part of the general public to severely punish the offenders for their criminal activities in order to deter them from committing further crime in future, incarceration of the offenders is still a significant part of the justice system of Australia. In spite of various efforts on the part of modern researchers in conducting extensive regarding the subject-matter of criminal justice system, the perceptions of inmates regarding prison life has been largely ignored. Therefore, the perceptions of the inmates shall be emphasized in relation to the sociological and psychological impact as well as their intention to avoid criminal activities after release. In recent era, plenty of research has been conducted for the purpose of examining the impact of incarceration on the inmates. According to the perspectives of early researchers, since time immemorial, incarceration had created negative psychological and physical effects on the inmates (Kelly and Armitage 2015). These impact included depression, suicidal tendencies and emotional withdrawal. However, in modern society, effort has been made by the prison authorities and various government officials to reduce the dreadful impact of incarceration on the inmates. It is evident that the objective of prison is to provide appropriate cure to the offenders for the purpose of reincarnating them. However, it can be seen that, in reality prisons do more harm to the offenders than good. The pain associated with jail confinement creates harmful impact on the inmates in various ways. However, the most important of them are psychological and sociological impact. It is worthwhile to mention here that prisons have been designed for the purpose of converting the inmates into responsible citizen of the society. Unfortunately, recent researches have shown that life in a prison is a form of torture which results into various psychological effects which can be emphasized as depression, delusions and dissatisfaction with life (Lawson 2015). However, the sociological impacts are associated with isolation from family and relatives, the shame of being imprisoned and non-acceptance on the part of the society after being released. It can be observed that the prisone rs on release face various psychological disturbances which promote the occurrence of more criminal activities in the future. It is noteworthy to mention here that these psychological impacts are sometimes destructive in nature which creates instances of madness substance abuse on the part of the inmates. In most of the cases, there is a feeling of shame on the part of the prison inmates regarding the matter of being incarcerated. In this regard, the inmates develop suicidal tendencies as a result of prolonged victimization (Nettelbeck 2018). As a result of such sociological and psychological impact, the dependency of the inmates towards the institutional structures has increased considerably. Therefore, interpersonal distrust and suspicion among the jail inmates have increased to a large extent which resulted into various exploitive activities within the prison structure. Due to the reason of being incarcerated, inmates are socially withdrawn and isolated from the community and due to lack of support on the part of the society; the sense of self-worth and personal value has diminished to a great extent (Perry 2016). The argument regarding the fact that whether prisons are obsolete has been established for the purpose of emphasizing the fact that whether it is important to abolish prisons or not. In the opinion of Angela Davis, an author and activist, the structural framework of prisons has been designed for the purpose of promoting a new form of slavery. According to her perspective, the reformative policies of the prisons are not well structured and therefore as a result of it inmates are horribly tortured especially women (Davis 2011). According to her point of view, that there are better ways in which the criminal activities of the inmates can be addressed and therefore it is essential for the communities to change their perspectives towards criminals and contribute to the abolition of prisons in the long term. It can be stated that in modern era, the structural framework of prisons are quite complex which involves various forms of modern slavery, cruelty and corruptions. Therefore, it is wor th noting that the argument presented by Angela Davis can prove to be efficient in presenting the idea that it is important to reform or rehabilitate the inmates rather than punishing them brutally. In the conclusion, it can be stated that the present conditions of incarceration under the Australian Justice System has been improved. Therefore, there is a greater chance on the part of the government policies and programs to emphasize on rehabilitating offenders for the purpose of improving public safety and preventing future crimes. However, efforts should be demonstrated on the fact that the programs should be implemented for the benefit of the inmates and not for the purpose of making their conditions even more worsening. References: Armstrong, R. and Maruna, S., 2016. Examining imprisonment through a social justice lens.Justice and penal reform: Re-shaping the penal landscape, pp.138-161. Baldry, E. and Cunneen, C., 2014. Imprisoned Indigenous women and the shadow of colonial patriarchy.Australian New Zealand Journal of Criminology,47(2), pp.276-298. Buchanon, A., Swanson, J.W. and Swartz, M.S., 2017. Community psychiatric treatment under legal mandates: the international experience.Care of the Mentally Disordered Offender in the Community, p.243. Davis, A.Y., 2011.Are prisons obsolete?. Seven Stories Press. Glass, D., 2016. Investigation into the rehabilitation and reintegration of prisoners in Victoria.Advancing Corrections Journal: Edition# 1-2016, P.101. Jeffries, S. and Newbold, G., 2016. Analysing trends in the imprisonment of women in Australia and New Zealand.Psychiatry, Psychology and Law,23(2), pp.184-206. Kapellas, K. and Jamieson, L.M., 2016. Historical consequences of colonialism, disempowerment, and reactionary government decisions in relation to imprisonment rates in Australia's Northern Territory: a potential solution.Journal of health care for the poor and underserved,27(1), pp.11-29. Kelly, L. and Armitage, V., 2015. Diverse diversions: youth justice reform, localized practices, and a new interventionist diversion?.Youth Justice,15(2), pp.117-133. Lawson, C., 2015. Does imprisonment work?.Legaldate,27(2), p.9. Nettelbeck, A., 2018. Creating the Aboriginal Vagrant: Protective Governance and Indigenous Mobility in Colonial Australia.Pacific Historical Review,87(1), pp.79-100. Perry, A., 2016. Substitute decision-making for individuals under public guardianship involved with the criminal justice system in New South Wales, Australia. Tonry, M., 2015. Is cross-national and comparative research on the criminal justice system useful?.European journal of criminology,12(4), pp.505-516.. Tubex, H., Blagg, H. and Tulich, T., 2018. Western Australian penal culture and indigenous over representation: Evaluating 25 years of law, policy and practice.University of Western Australia Law Review,43(1), p.264. White, R., 2015. Indigenous young people and hyperincarceration in Australia.Youth Justice,15(3), pp.256-270.

Tourism and Dubai Essay Example

Tourism and Dubai Essay Dubai is one of the seven emirates in the United Arab Emirates. It is the second largest emirate by area 4,114km2 after Abu Dhabi. Dubai is considered to be the jewel in the Middle East. Dubai has risen to be a well planned and developed city from the oasis in the dessert. It is a young tourist destination which has gained popularity recently. Dubai is the most populous emirate of the seven emirates of Unite Arab Emirates. It is one of the few cities that have rapidly transformed itself into a developed city. Dubai is the link between the east the west.It is one of the major transit stops for all the airlines who are travelling around the world. In the year 2009 Dubai was hit with an economic crisis post which Dubai managed the downfall very well and since then it has had a booming economy till now. Dubai is certainly the destination of the 21st century. It has been popular with the tourist for its shopping festivals, malls and well developed infrastructure. Though Dubai was the firs t city to develop in the tourism sector in the Middle East it is very difficult to sustain because its neighbouring competitors are also striving hard to gain popularity in terms of tourism in the world.Dubai has over 2 million people from more than 200 nationalities, it is one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the world, just when you think you’ve seen it all, a new project is announced , whether it is the launch of a sports stadium, a mega commercial tower, a residential enclave or yet another shopping mall. Dubai is constantly on the move, striving for greater heights and more facilities and comfort for its residents and visitors. Product Offer Dubai has been one of the top tourist destinations in the world. Due to the impressive boom in construction on a very grand scale it attracts tourist all over the world.In the year 2009 Dubai attracted 7. 8 million visitors even though there was an economic crisis going on. Many tourist attractions have been built to attract the to urists. Dubai expects 15 million visitors by the year 2015. Dubai is popular because of its geographic location as it is very easily accessible by most of the Asian countries and the Indian sub-continent. Dubai is known for its splendid infrastructure, it has a wide range of products to offer to the tourist ranging from big sophisticated malls, parks, zoos, museums, stadiums, beaches and luxurious hotels.Dubai is also known for its masterpiece the manmade islands namely Palm Jumeirah, Palm Deira, Palm Jabel Ali and the world. Dubai has the tallest building in the world called the Burj khalifa and it has the 4th tallest hotel in the world called Burj al Arab and various night clubs and fine dine restaurants. Pricing Strategy Dubai has made a place for itself in the international market it has been up-to-date with all the latest demands and needs trending in the international market. Tourism has been one of the major contributors in Dubai’s economy. Pre-economic crisis Dubai wa s at its best only to see a ownfall in the year 2009 when the economic crisis hit Dubai. However, Dubai has managed to recover with the economic crisis and has done exceptionally well. As Dubai was doing really well prior to the economic crisis it had a psychological pricing strategy but post economic crisis in the year 2009, Dubai is trying to penetrate the market to get more number of investors and enhance its tourism industry so that it can rebuild. The visa rules and regulation in Dubai plays a major role for the visitors come in. It can be termed as differentiated strategy.Dubai is trying to accommodate more and more number of immigrants which would help the government to generate more revenue. Service concept Dubai has been one of the premium destinations to visit with a lot of attractions and places to see. It has built elite resorts and hotels, many heritage buildings, Parks and zoos and many manmade islands. Dubai is constantly trying to provide a memorable experience for i ts customers and make their stay as safe and convenient as possible. Dubai has information systems installed on the roads where an individual can search for all the nearby places and attractions.Dubai also has some future plans which it aims to complete by the year 2015 namely Dubai land, The World, City of Arabia, Culture village, Bawadi, Sahara Kingdom, Arabian Canal and Dubai International City. Key marketing strategies Due to globalisation countries all over the world are competing amongst each other, this is where the need of marketing comes into existence. Marketing plays an important role in ones business it helps to grow and develop a destination. A destination can have the top notch products but to let the world know about them it feels the need to market.In the same Dubai has also marketed itself to the world so that the world comes to know what it is offering. Prior to the economic crisis in 2009, Dubai is in the rejuvenating stage so it is trying to offer new products to the market which will attract more tourists and visitors. It has done exceptionally well in penetrating the market. It has also introduced various festivals, exhibitions and trade shows to attract the visitors namely Cityscape Global, Big boys toy exhibition, Dubai shopping festival and cityscape Global etc. These festivals, exhibitions, conferences and trade shows attract many nternational visitors. Dubai also has its own web site called www. definatelydubai. com on which an individual can know about the place at one go. Dubai has tried hard to market itself through various means like Advertisement, internet, television and public relations. Main target market There are various types of travellers that come into Dubai for various reasons, the main target market for Dubai are a) Airlines and ship crew: As Dubai is one of the major stops for all the airlines and cruise lines travelling around the world therefore, accommodating maximum number of airline and ship crews. ) Expatriates: 80% of the total population in Dubai are expatriates who enter Dubai for various job opportunities and settle in Dubai. c) Leisure travellers: Due to the luxury hotels all around Dubai and the recreational activities it is one of the hot spots for the travellers looking for leisure activities. d) Honeymooners: Dubai has a distinguished and unique facilities, it has luxury 5 star hotels which provide splendid facilities, hotels like Burj Al Arab and various other luxury hotels are the best hotels where this type of market segment can enjoy. ) Sports tourism: Dubai has one of the well built stadiums and the sporting activities that are promoted by Dubai are of a very unique nature. They undertake activities like sand skiing in dessert, horse race and came racing etc. Dubai has hosted the following international championships a) Dubai world cup – the richest horse racing in the world b) Dubai classic – the gold championship c) Barclays Dubai Tennis d) UIM World Powerboat racing e) Rugby 7’s f) Dubai snooker classic Main challenges faced:One of the major challenges faced by Dubai was in the year 2009 when it had an economic downfall. At that time the tourism and hotel industry of Dubai suffered losses, they introduced special discounts to lure the people to come to Dubai. It has a lot of cultural restrictions that would prevent some tourists from coming to Dubai. Also political stability in the neighbouring countries can have an effect of Dubai. Only the hotel industry in Dubai is competitive with 47 different brands to choose from. Environmental AnalysisEnvironmental analysis is nothing but a marketing strategy which helps a destination or an organisation to reach its marketing goals by outlining the techniques and behaviour you can take into consideration to reach your marketing objectives. It helps in evaluating the possible impacts of external environment and forces on the current strategies and growth of the organisation. Every destinati on feels the need to do an environmental analysis to have a competitive edge and as well as to know their strength, weakness, opportunities and threats to their business.Dubai as a leading tourist destination of the world (Kumar) aims to provide a memorable and cherishing experience to all its tourists. Dubai has a very competitive environment within the Middle East itself so the environmental analysis will only help Dubai to identify its current spot in the market and its strengths and weaknesses. Environmental analysis consists of the macro environmental scanning. Macro environmental scanning further consists of the following:- a) Political factors b) Economical factors c) Socio-cultural factors ) Technological factors e) Ecological factors f) Legal factors Marketing information system (MIS) Marketing information system helps in accumulating, handing out, storing and disseminate data in the form of data needed to carry out management functions. According to (Kotler) â€Å"A marke ting information system consists of people, equipment, and procedures to gather, sort, analyses, evaluate and distribute needed, timely, and accurate information to marketing decision makers. † It basically gives three types of information:- Recurrent informationThis type of data is supplied by the MIS regularly about the market share and customer awareness of a particular product or organisation. It may be supplied Daily, Weekly, monthly or yearly. (http://agbssem1. webs. com) Monitoring information This type of information is gathered from the frequent scanning for selected sources. This data helps in the concerned managers to be alert and identify potential problems. (http://agbssem1. webs. com) Requested information This information is made available in response to requests made by the marketing manager. Data has been collected through survey research.The MIS supplies the requested information in decision making. (http://agbssem1. webs. com) The information collected for a destination can be in various forms like No. of visitors, No. of accommodation, Development in technology and the annual revenue earned. This information is collected by the division of tourism, Dubai. As Dubai is one of the leading destinations of the world, it attracts visitors for various purposes like Sightseeing, travel packages, investments in estates, nightclubs and shopping. This helps to generate revenue for the government.As marketing information system helps to accumulate and keep data in the form of figures it will surly prove helpful for Dubai to formulate its strategy for its ongoing and fast growth in the market. The advantages of having a marketing information system are as follows:- a) MIS helps to recognise market trends in heed of value, designs of commodities and style. b) It facilitates marketing forecast and control. c) It helps in rapid supply of data which helps to take quick decision. d) It helps in making quality decisions. e) It helps to avoid crisis.Ther efore, it is vital to have a marketing information system setup for any destination or an organisation to identify its current market and to be updated about its current trends. Environmental Scanning: Environmental scanning deals with process of researching and analysing events and changes that are occurring in the external environmental. (Hsu, Killion, Brown, Gross, amp; Huang, 2008) It refers to macro environment which consists of all the external factors that are political, economical, socio- cultural, technological and legal factors. It further consists of industries, companies, clients and competitors.Such factors play a major role in influencing an industry or a market. Environmental scanning is a process of carefully scrutinising of a company or a destination’s internal and external environments for the purpose of detecting initial signs of opportunities and threats which may affect or help in its existing and future prospects. Dubai has been a popular destination wit h many opportunities. Therefore, Environmental scanning will prove helpful to the destination to survive in the market and reach its full potential by getting to know about its opportunities and threats.As there are a lots of international tourist who are travelling around the globe and want to explore different countries in the world there is a need for Dubai to formulate proper strategies and do efficient environmental analysis to maintain the pace with its competitors. Dubai is emerging to be a powerful tourist destination so it has to be well aware of the opportunities in and around Dubai so it can capitalise on them. PESTEL analysis: PESTEL analysis deals with the 6 factors that are political, economical, social, technological, ecological and legal.PESTEL analysis will be a great help for Dubai as it would come to know about its competitors and threats to Dubai. It helps in formulating strategies for the development of a destination to grow in the market. It will help Dubai to identify the potential opportunities and exploit them. Political: Dubai is one of the seven emirates in UAE, The political conditions of Dubai is more stable than its neighbouring competitors. The government and the department of tourism in Dubai have helped a lot in the development of tourism in Dubai. Some political factors that influence Dubai’s tourism is as follows:- ) The government thrives to improve its international ties with other countries which could facilitate tourism industry in Dubai. b) The visa policies to enter Dubai are one of the major factors that attract a number of visitors. An international visitor does not need to apply for a visa in advance to visit Dubai. However it is only applicable to the countries listed in the GCC. It has a visa on arrival which makes it very convenient for the visitors coming in. c) A foreign national can own up to 55. 5% of the ownership of the business he is investing in which was 49% in the year 2011 however a foreign compa ny can operate in three ways i. . a local sponsor, Tie-up with a national company or UAE national or through a private limited company or public shareholding company. d) The government has constantly tried to improve the safety of the tourists in Dubai and bring in many up-to-date facilities. Economical: Dubai has undergone a drastic change over the last 30 years, it has been a major business centre with a more active and diversified economy. As it has a very good strategic location it is one of the biggest re-exporting centres in the middle-east. Activities like trade, transport, tourism industry and finance has had a major contribution in Dubai’s economy.There has been a popular belief that the major contributions to Dubai’s economy come from oil, but it is the tourism industry now that has a major contribution in Dubai’s economy. Oil only contributes 6% of the total economy of Dubai. (http://dubai. ae) a) Dubai had an economy of US $92. 11 in the year 2011. ( http://www. dubaitourism. ae) b) The tourism industry contributed 11. 45% of the total economy. c) Dubai has formulated certain strategies and plans to boost its tourism by the year 2015. d) Dubai’s hotels recorded a growth of 10% in visitors in the year 2011. e) Alternatively Dubai had a foreign debt of US $100 billion. ) It had a growth in its GDP by 3. 4% in the year 2011. g) Dubai has a multi-billion construction project taking shape to promote more tourist attraction and improve its infrastructure. Social:- Social factors consist of the demographics, Population, safety and the literacy rate of an organisation or destination. These factors influence the market growth of a destination. According to (DWTC, 2013) a) The population of Dubai till date is 2. 2 million. b) The male to female ratio is 1:3 Dubai has been a male dominant society for ages however it has now started to give more freedom to the women. ) Only 20% of the total population in Dubai are actually from Dubai rest all are expatriates which hail from 200 different countries. d) The native language spoken in Dubai is Arabic but as there are a lot of people from different other countries English is also well spoken. e) Dubai has a literacy rate of 94% f) The religion followed in Dubai is Islamic but an individual has a freedom to follow any religion he likes. g) The crime rate in Dubai is almost next to nil. Technological:- Technology plays an important role for any destination due to the travellers coming from all over the world.Dubai has invested a lot of money in developing its technology and infrastructure. Dubai has a lot of tourist attractions and tall buildings to see. Dubai has been up to date with the world in regards to technology. a) Dubai has the tallest building in the world called Burj Khalifa it is 828 meter tall which is equipped with highest elevator installation and also the fastest elevators at the speed of 64km/h. It would take just a minute to reach from the ground flo or to the top floor. b) The city has free flowing tolling booths so the cars are automatically charged using Radio Frequency Identification technology. ) Dubai has one of the tallest hotels in the world called Burj al Arab. d) Dubai has a multi-billion construction project taking shape which has engaged around 30,000 construction cranes i. e. 25% of the total cranes worldwide. Dubai also has systems installed on the roads where anyone can stop and have a look at the nearest restaurants, pubs, nightclubs and other information. The infrastructures and technology of Dubai is well up to date which makes it very convenient for the visitors and tourists coming in and helps to make their experience more memorable. Ecological:- Dubai enjoys one of the best strategic locations in the world.It has had an edge over its competitors because of its strategic location and the government of Dubai capitalising on it. a) Dubai has scenic and beautiful beaches all throughout its coast. b) Dubai has al so built 3 artificial islands namely Palm Jebel Ali, Palm Jumeirah, Palm Deira. c) The climate in Dubai is relatively very hot and dry. In the summers (July to October) the temperatures can go up to 40? C. d) According to (http://www. emirates247. com) Dubai is one of the cleanest cities in the world and is rated as one of the best cities to live and work in because of the rising labour and skill requirement. ) Dubai faces the problem of water the water is very scarce in Dubai which poses to be a major concern for Dubai as of now. f) Dubai has a very big International air port and is one of the major stops for all the airlines who are travelling around the world. Legal:- The United Arab Emirates is a grouping of seven emirates comprising of Abu Dhabi, Ajman Fujairah, Ras al Kjaimah, Sharjah, Umm Al Quwain and Dubai. The UAE constitution provides for an allowance of powers between the central government and the administration of each emirate.Dubai is bound with the federal law of the UAE but it has all the rights to monitors its own internal affairs and it also enjoy certain other rights. a) The use of any pornographic material in Dubai is strictly banned by the government. Certain other materials like drugs and anti-Islamic resources cannot be brought into Dubai. b) Two people of the opposite sex cannot hold hands in public or share any private space with each other unless they belong to the same family or married. c) Dubai has Zero tolerance policy regarding alcohol and drugs.Anyone found with even a minute quantity of drugs is subject to 4 years in prison before deportation. Alcohol and pork is tabooed in the Islamic religion. Though consumption of alcohol is allowed for non-Muslims but it should be only at licensed pubs or bars and the consumer should hold an alcohol license. e) Clothing of women should not be indecent the clothes should not be transparent or too short, where as for men they have to cover their chest at all times when in public. Environment al scanning procedure Areas for scanning| Medium| Responsibility | Reporting to| Timing|Customers| Hotel and resorts| Service staff of the hotel| Management and Head of departments| Daily| | Foreign Nationals| Staff and management| Dubai department of tourism and commerce marketing| Daily| Marketing Agencies| Advertising agencies| Service staff and management| Operation and journalism department of Dubai| Daily| | Newspaper| Journalists and staff| Operation and journalism department of Dubai| Daily| Transport System| Airlines| Staff and management| Dubai Transport department| Daily| | Cruise lines| Staff and management| Dubai Transport department| Daily| Economy| Inflation rateGDP per capitaRevenue| Hotels,Business organisations,Entrepreneurs,Investors| Dubai tourism and commerce management, Govt of Dubai| Annually| | Revenue| Hotels,Entrepreneurs.Investors| Govt of Dubai| Quarterly| | Foreign Exchange| Banks| Govt of Dubai| Daily| Technological| Automation of daily activities,Commu nication Technology| linked agency| Technological department of Dubai| Weekly| | Infrastructure| Govt of Dubai| -| Monthly| Legal| Minimum wage | Law and legislation department| Human Resource Department| Annually | | Laws| Law and legislation department| -| Annually| Socio-cultural factors| Age, Population, male to female ratio| Dubai statistic centre| Government of Dubai| Annually| | Education, Literacy rate| Ministry of Education| Government of Dubai| Annually| | Crime rate| Dubai police force| Government of Dubai| Annually| Situational analysisDubai has been doing everything to make itself the leading tourist destination of the world. It has explored itself drastically in the last few decades and still growing in the market day by day as one of the leading destinations, However as everything has some strengths and weakness in the same way Dubai also has its own strengths and weaknesses. It is very important for a destination to be well aware of its strengths and weaknesses and a lso about the opportunities that are in the market so it can capitalise on them effectively. A destination should know about the potential threats it has in the fast paced market so as to avoid any crisis or problems.Strengths and weakness are the internal factors whereas opportunities and threats and the external factors. (Hsu, Killion, Brown, Gross, amp; Huang, 2008) Strengths a) Despite of not much of economic contribution is done by oil. Dubai has some of the leading companies of oil who are still actively supplying oil all over the world. b) After the economic crisis of 2009, Dubai has seen a very fast economic growth. c) The infrastructure of Dubai is very beautiful and there are a lot of tourist attractions to see in Dubai such have the tallest building in the world and upcoming projects like Dubailand and underwater hotel. d) Dubai has some of the most luxury 5 star hotels. e) No political turmoil. f) High quality of transport and infrastructure.Weakness a) There is major sc arcity of water in Dubai, Which can lead to possible wars between the neighbouring nations who face the same problem. b) There is a negative image of the Middle East. c) Dubai has very strict rule and regulations which prevents an individual to do anything he wants. d) Dubai has too many plans in the near future but not many completed projects. (www. studymode. com) e) It is deficient of natural resources. f) There are only 20% of UAE nationals of the total population of Dubai. g) Dubai attracts visitor more because of its luxuries but that might only appeal a small segment h) It has cultural restrictions. Opportunities ) The oil prices in the world market are booming this can boost Dubai’s economy. b) A lot of foreign investment is done in Dubai. c) Increases in number of employment and job opportunities for immigrants. Threats a) It has very strong competitors within the Middle East. b) It is estimated that Dubai will lose all its oil resources in the next 30 years. (Lee am p; Jain) c) It has a partial media exposure. d) Terrorism can further affect the image of the Middle East. Therefore, looking at the situational analysis Dubai has a booming economy even after its downfall in the year 2009. Tourism and hotel industry is fast booming which is contributing a major portion in Dubai’s economy.Dubai has many projects lined up regarding their infrastructure by the year 2015 after all the projects are complete, Dubai will be able to attract more number on visitors. Dubai has been very popular worldwide and one of the best places to live on earth. Dubai has to focus on its internal and external factors carefully so it reaches its full potential. Target market analysis One of major factors to be considered in the marketing is customer. Target market is a process by which the consumer tries to meet the needs and want of the customers in order to sell its product or service. In doing so the consumer not only satisfies the customer but also converts the customer into future investment for the organization or business.Target market process can be divided into various stages such as geographic, demographic, and psychographic. Hence target market plays a crucial role in development and sustainability of any destination or product. It is ongoing process and has to be carried frequently in order to go on with the trend. Dubai has been the most renowned destination in the world from many years. It has been one of the most happening cities in the world due to its unique projects features and event organized by them. Hence the main credit goes to The Department of Tourism and Commerce Marketing (DTCM) which was established in January 1997. Dubai? s hotels has one of the highest revenue par worldwide therefore attracting many international customers.The vision statement of DTCM is â€Å"To position Dubai as the leading tourism destination and commercial hub in the world† and the mission is â€Å"To develop sustainable tourism† . In the year 2009 Dubai experienced a tremendous downfall in the occupancy rate. The reason for the drop of the occupancy rate was the recession period in US which slowed down the occupancy rate in Dubai (DTCM, 2009b). So while doing a market research i. e. target market analysis it is important to carry out competitive analysis with the other contender /competitor in order to stay ahead of the competitor. The destination must provide a unique and different product which will attract the customers rather than the competitors. Market segmentationThe process of defining and sub dividing a large market into identifiable segments which has similar services or product to offer which matches the expectations of the customers. Hence marketing segment can be divided into two groups geographical segmentation and psychographic segmentation. Geographic segmentation Collecting and analyzing information according to the physical location of the customer or other data source. Geographic segmenta tion is often used in marketing, since companies selling product and service would like to know where their product is being sold in order to increase advertising and sales efforts in that particular location. 2011- Dubai Hotels and Hotels Apartments Guest by Nationality | | | | | Sr. o| Nationality| Hotels| Hotels and Apartments| Total| 1. )| Asia| 3,478,626| 848,640| 4,327,266| 2. )| Europe| 3,543,753| 603,551| 414,704| 3. )| Other AGCC| 2,377,681| 858,922| 3,236,603| 4. )| Africa (excl. Arab)| 887,942| 424,123| 892,664| 5. )| Russia/CIS/Baltic| 449,139| 617,13| 510,852| 6. )| Australia and Pacific| 189,136| 33,502| 222,638| The above table shows the distribution of visitors to Dubai on basis of geographic area and market for Dubai. Dubai enjoys a high no of visitors every year and is increasing each year from Asia and is mostly concentrated in the South Asia which compromises of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Iran, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka etc.It also has many visitors from Europ e and AGCC the AGCC region is Arab Gulf Country Council. It includes 6 countries Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Saudi Arabia and UAE. Thee least no of visitors are from Australia and CIS which is a common wealth of independent state. As Asia is the important market for Dubai as it attracts more visitors from that region so it should be more concentrated in order to gain more business. Based on the above data the information about the spending power of the visitors can also be gathered (DTCM, 2011a) Spending in Accommodation by Top 10 Source Market | | | | | Sr. no| Names of the Country| 2009| 2010| Total| 1. )| United Kingdom| $121M| $124. 9M| $245. 9M| 2. )| United States| $72. M| $82. 1M| $154. 9M| 3. )| Saudi Arabia| $53. 6M| $70. 5M| $124. 1M| 4. )| France | $36. 3M| $35. 9M| $72. 2M| 5. )| Italy | $26. 5M| $24. 6M| $51. 1M| 6. )| Russia | $24. 5M| $24. 6M| $49. 1M| 7. )| Germany | $23. 3M| $23. 8M| $47. 1M| 8. )| Kuwait | $19. 4M| $24. 4M| $43. 8M| 9. )| Switzerland | $21. 4M| $ 22. 3M| $43. 7M| 10. )| Qatar | $17M| $21. 7M| $38. 7M| According to the data above it clearly shows that United Kingdom, United States and Saudi Arabia are the top three countries which spend more on their accommodation in Dubai in which total accumulates to $254. 9M, $154. 9M, $124. 1M. This is almost equal to 61-66% of the entire market.Hence the country which spends on accommodation ranges from $35-$51M. The countries which spend the least on their accommodation are Kuwait ($43. 8), Switzerland ($43. 7) and Qatar ($38. 7). Data gathered from (DTCM, 2011a). Psychographic Segmentation Psychographic Segmentation is a strategy whereby the intended audience for a given product is divided according to social class, life style or personality. Hence the strategy is used to promote product. As Dubai is a popular city and it is important to distinguish its visitors based on their purpose of visit so as to understand their needs and wants better. Therefore there are 6 categories of visitor s who visit Dubai which are as followed:-Psychographic Segmentation| Characteristics| Business Travelers| These are visitors who visit for business they have visited Dubai on regular basis for business they travel on their own and make their own booking and arrangements. The length of stay varies according to their business| Airlines and Ship Crew| This clientele are frequent visitors to the Dubai. All the arrangement is made by the company for which they work. The length of are from 2 – 3 days. | Conference Visitors| These visitors visit Dubai on a regular basis for purpose of attending a co-operate or business conference or seminars. All the arrangements are made by them. The length of stay is 6 – 12 days. Working Expatriates| These are the visitors who are visiting Dubai for the first time they have arrangements of own for accommodation but not in hotels. The length of stay may be one year or more. | Leisure Visitors| These visitors are visiting Dubai for the first time and make their own arrangements they prefer to stay in 5 star hotels. The length of stay is 5 – 10 days| Sports Visitors| These are sports person who visit Dubai for purpose of sports event all the arrangements are made by the organizers who organizes the event. The length of stay depends upon the duration of event. | Market Segment Psychographic Segmentation| Percentages| Business Travelers| 32%| Airlines and Ship Crew| 10%| Conference Visitors| 12%|Working Expatriates| 11%| Leisure Visitors| 25%| Sports Visitors| 10%| As the above data shows that the business travelers are the frequent visitors to Dubai with 32% as they visit for their business purpose and then come the leisure travelers with 25% they travel for the purpose of relaxing to enjoy or to take a break from their daily schedule. So the main market in which is attracted by Dubai is the business and leisure travelers. While the other market that contributes to the economy of the country are Airlines and Ship C rew (10%), Conference Visitors (12%), Working Expatriates (11%) and Sports Visitors (10%) (DTCM, 2011a) Potential markets profileFrom the data gathered about the visitors coming to Dubai we can define the potential target market for Dubai so that it can concentrate more on it to gain more revenue from its potential market. Hence after comparing and analyzing the data we have 3 potential markets for Dubai (DTCM, 2011) India: Statistics: * Population- 1,222,200,000 * Growth Rate- 1. 41% * Literacy Rate- 81. 4% * Unemployment- 7. 8% Access: Indian visitor require a visa for their arrival in Dubai from the travel agent or sponsored. Demographics: Male from 26-45 year of age group visit Dubai. Value: Indian tourist contributes about $702,142 to the economy of the Dubai. Characteristics:Mostly Indian travelers are visiting Dubai for the first time. The length of stay is very short as they take a quick break from their schedule to relax. Most of them are business or leisure travelers. Th

Essay on Education and Equality

Essay on Education and Equality Essay on Education and Equality Essay on Education and EqualityThe video required for this discussion helps to assess the significance of finding the proper solutions to social problems associated with education, inequality and race. According to researchers, â€Å"whether in educational attainment between income groups or racial/ethnic groups or across geographic locations- inequality persists† (Social Inequality and Educational Disadvantage, 2014).   In fact, each of these problems can be defined as a major component of larger social problems. Education can become an effective tool in our efforts to build a more equitable society. Therefore, it is crucial to provide equal educational opportunities to all American citizens, no matter to what race they belong (Korgen Furst, 2012).In the video, Affirmative Action vs. Cultural Diversity, Tom Brokaw asks: How do we remedy the historic mistreatment of deserving black Americans without punishing deserving white Americans today? (Affirmative Action vs. Cultural Diversity, 2014). Educational institutions can be used by the government to solve any problems of racial inequality through the promotion of equal opportunities.   The admission policies provided by the University of Michigan and other educational institutions reflect the success of American race relations, which form the basis for building a more equitable society. It is necessary to use the proper strategies in order to fix one problem without creating another. According to Tummala (2010), equal opportunities in education provide equal opportunities in employment. When affirmative action is authorized, it is however noted that no unqualified candidate be preferred to the required position. There should be competition among those candidates who are properly qualified. However, qualified minorities who are under-represented should be provided more opportunities.   Hence, there is a necessity to provide decent and equal education to ensure affirmative action. Educational inequal ity caused by social class differences and family background can be solved through joined efforts of the government and educational institutions policies.

Political Science - President Clinton and President Obama Term Paper

Political Science - President Clinton and President Obama - Term Paper Example Obama, on the other hand, inherited one of the worst recessions in American history and has struggled to ensure adequate economic progress. Through an examination of key issues in the first two years of President Clinton and President Obama’s terms in office -- including economic, health care, foreign policy, and their appeal to youth culture – this essay considers the extent that the two presidencies can be equated. When considering economics in the first two years of their presidencies, there are a number of similarities that President Obama and President Clinton experienced. When both Presidents took office the nation was considered to be in a recession period. For President Obama, the recession was recognized as perhaps the most severe since the Great Depression and became a central issue in the campaign process. As a result, the stimulus package that was passed early in the Obama Presidency has functioned as a core issue of his presidency, with a fierce debate among Republicans and Democrats continuing to unfold as to the actual efficacy of the program. Even as President Obama has admitted that the financial situation in the country has not fully recovered, his budget indicates that he will continue to pursue his ambitious domestic agenda. In explaining his domestic agenda Obama contests that, â€Å"Just as it would be a terrible mistake to borrow against our children’s future to pay our way today, it would be equally wrong to neglect their future by failing to invest in areas that will determine our economic success in this new century.† (Calmers 2010) Obama’s indicates that the country’s deficit will increase this year to its highest post-World War II level, and then gradually decrease over the decade. Obama argues that his budget will save over $1 trillion by ending the previous administration’s tax cuts and by enacting a three-year spending freeze.  Ã‚